Trapping--British Columbia

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Trapping--British Columbia

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Trapping--British Columbia

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Trapping--British Columbia

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Aboriginal liaison and First Nations consultation case files for the Cariboo Region

  • GR-3902
  • Series
  • 1985-2008

This series consists of Aboriginal liaison and First Nations consultation case files, primarily for the Cariboo region, from 1985-2008. These records document the Ministry of Environment and its successors' resource management involvement with First Nations groups and consultation with respect to resource management plans. Each file documents consultation and communication with a particular First Nation, Tribal Council or other Indigenous group regarding a variety of issues and practices related to resource management and use. File may be related to land claims, land use planning, the creation of sustainable resource management plans (SRMPs) and sub-regional area plans, or specific resource management and land management issues, including forestry, water rights, wildlife management and hunting, mining, protection of parks and cultural sites, and the creation of roads.

The files in this series were titled and organized in most instances as case files, based on the name of the First Nation involved in the consultation process. Many files document the creation and finalization of various kinds of agreements between the Ministry and First Nations groups. Files also include the planning and execution of joint projects, workshops and meetings to consult First Nations about the creation of resource management plans or to address specific resource management issues.

Files may include correspondence, reports, memorandums of understanding, agreements, financial records, business records of the relevant indigenous group, consultation protocols, maps, and newspaper articles and government responses to them.

Most files regard a particular indigenous group, mostly from the Cariboo and surrounding region, including: 'Esdilagh (Alexandria Band), Alexis Creek, Tl'etinqox Government (Anaham), Llenlleney'ten (High Bar), Bonaparte, Tsq’escen (Canim Lake), Stswecem’c/Xgat’tem (Canoe Creek), Carrier-Sekani Tribal Council, Carrier Chilcotin Tribal Council, Cariboo Tribal Council, Northern Secwēpemc te Qelmūcw (NStQ or Northern Shuswap Tribal Council), Esketemc (Alkali Lake), Hamatla Treaty Society, Homalco, Lhoosk’uz Dene (Kluskus), Lheidli-Tenneh, Nazko, Nuxalk Nation Government, Lhtako Dene (Red Bluff), Saik’uz, Skeetchestn, Shuswap Nation Tribal Council, Xat’sūll (Soda Creek), Simpcw (North Thompson Indian Band), Yunesit'in Government (Stone Indian Band), Tsilhqot’in National Government, Tl'esqox (Toosey First Nation), St'át'imc, Ts'kw'aylaxw, Ulkatcho Nation, Whispering Pines/Clinton, T'exelc (Williams Lake Indian Band), and Xeni Gwet’in First Nations. Other Indigenous groups may be mentioned within files.

Note that some of these files were reviewed as part of the following litigation: Xeni Gwet’in First Nations Government v. Her Majesty the Queen et al.

Ministries responsible for the creation of this series, and their dates of the responsibility, are:
Ministry of Environment (1988-1991)
British Columbia. Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks (1991-2001)
British Columbia. Ministry of Sustainable Resource Management (2001-2005)
British Columbia. Ministry of Agriculture and Lands (2005-2010)

Records in this series are covered by ORCS 17020-20 and 17730-25 of the Resource Management ORCS (schedule 144100).

British Columbia. Ministry of Agriculture and Lands

Alfred Bryant interview

CALL NUMBER: T0623:0001 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1966-08-19 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Alfred Bryant recalls some of his childhood experiences settling near Soda Creek and homesteading in Tatla Lake with his family, 1919 to 1928. Mr. Bryant discusses his father's background; coming to settle in BC in 1919; life and incidents at Soda Creek and Meldrum Creek; how his family worked at a hotel in Riske Creek; teamsters; the Bechers, who ran the hotel and details of a journey to a homestead at Tatla Lake in 1922. TRACK 2: Mr. Bryant continues the story of the journey to Tatla Lake; his first days at Tatla Lake and the cabin there; sleeping arrangements, his first .22 calibre rifle; life at Tatla Lake; and social occasions.

CALL NUMBER: T0623:0002 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1966-08-19 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Bryant recalls some of his experiences in the Anahim Lake area of the Chilcotin, 1930 to 1966. Mr. Bryant tells stories about his sister Jane Lehman's experiences as a nurse in the wilderness of the Chilcotin; making moonshine; moving to the Anahim Lake region in 1931; life at Anahim Lake; people of the area; and comments about Native people. TRACK 2: Mr. Bryant comments on the Bella Coola area; the story of Lord Tweedsmuir's visit in 1937, and its effect on the local economy; trappers' cabins in the wilderness; comments about the conditions among the local Indians; and stories about "Capoose" who was a well known Indian of the area.

CALL NUMBER: T0623:0003 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1966-08-19 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Bryant discusses the so-called "grease trail", which runs from Bella Coola into the Fraser Plateau; the travels of the Stikine Indians; the route followed by Alexander Mackenzie in 1790; more on the grease trail and other trails in the area; Benny Franklin, who was a well known character of the area; and experiences travelling on some of the trails. Finally, Mr. Bryant recites a poem by his father about a local incident involving Bob Graham and some Indians. [TRACK 2: blank.]

Ann Smith interview

RECORDED: Abbotsford (B.C.), 1982-05-05 SUMMARY: Mrs. Smith was born in the States and came to Canada as a child. Her family farmed and trapped in Manitoba before coming to BC; they returned twice to Manitoba before settling in BC. She trapped for many years with her husband; she talks about her sons, and participation in World War I.

Arthur and May Mellor interview

RECORDED: [location unknown], 1964-09-20 SUMMARY: Mr. Arthur Mellor emigrated from outside Liverpool to Ontario in 1903 and came out to Kettle River, near Westbridge, in 1904. He spent his first three years as a surveyor until he contracted typhoid, then he worked as a trapper and a surveyor. Mr. Mellor tells about several incidents including a shooting in Midway after two men robbed several hotels, the Dirty Dozen gang, Bridesville, the original prospectors of the area, and the Bell Mine. Then Mrs. Mellor speaks: she was born in Midway in 1897 and describes her childhood, including how her father was killed. Mrs. Mellor describes in detail several people at Camp McKinney. Then both compare life back then with the present.

Arthur Chadwick interview

RECORDED: [location unknown], [196-] SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Arthur Chadwick discusses his family history in Wisconsin all the way back to the American Civil War. He was born in 1885 and came to Canada by himself in 1907 to Alberta. Not liking Alberta, he worked for the CPR to save money to eventually move to BC in 1910. He discusses work available in Vancouver at that time, and an experience working on a sternwheeler in Hazelton. He describes moving to Babine Portage because of a booming mining community at that time and mentions several characters. He describes his experience as a camp cook in Burns Lake; getting lost out by Babine Portage for twenty-one days with nothing to eat and meeting Indians on Cunningham Lake who eventually took him to their camp and fed him; his friendship with Martin Starret, with whom he shared a property boundary and who ran a store; a description of Martin Starret's life and that of his uncle, who was fur trader C.B. Smith, and his wife and daughter and son; what life was like in Babine Portage; ;life at Babine hatchery and cannery; more on Martin Starret and how Mr. Chadwick began trapping in 1916; and an anecdote about having to register to get grub. TRACK 2: Mr. Chadwick continues with hi;s anecdotes including some places and names, more on trapping at Tatla Lake, raising cattle, and more on Mr. Chadwick's experience as a cook.

August Schnaar interview

RECORDED: [location unknown], 1965-08-05 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. August Schnaar recalls how he arrived in British Columbia from Washington in 1909, and began hunting and trapping near Port Hardy, including a description of the terrain. Then he discusses his marriage in 1923 and the beginning of his family life at Bute Inlet; life at Owen Bay; hand logging and fishing; more on hunting and trapping in the interior; and building canoes. TRACK 2: Mr. Schnaar continues with his discussion about canoe building and paddling down rivers; a description of Knight Inlet; Shoal Bay; his dealings with animals including cougars; how his children raised cougars as pets; and more on animals including wolves and grizzly bears.

Ben Ployart interview

CALL NUMBER: T0826:0001 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1965-08-04-& 06 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Ployart recounts his grandparent's settlement in the Courtenay area in the 1870s. He describes his early life; Comox; Courtenay; Cumberland; the Indian settlement; life on his family's farm. Later he became a logger and trapper. TRACK 2: Mr. Ployart continues with a description of his work on a fishing boat; and in a logging camp. He describes his reunion with his father in Alberta; the purchase of farm equipment; and his trek to the family's homestead. He recalls his time as a rancher; his trip to Vancouver; his time as a steam engineer; a successful logging operation.;

CALL NUMBER: T0826:0002 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1965-08-04-& 06 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Ployart describes some of his logging and trapping experiences in the Courtenay area; operating a pack train for the government survey parties and CPR surveys; anecdotes of some mainland inlet settlers. TRACK 2: Mr. Ployart discusses the weather and storms common to the mainland inlets; a tugboat trip to Prince Rupert; boating incidents.

Chilcotin journey with Phyllis Kellis

CALL NUMBER: T1782:0001 - 0004 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1970-06 SUMMARY: A series of recordings made by Imbert Orchard on a trip through the Cariboo-Chilcotin area with Mrs. Phyllis Bryant Kellis in June 1970 . The object of the trip was to retrace the Bryant family's journey from Clinton to Tatla Lake between 1919 and 1924. Mr. Orchard and Mrs. Kellis comment on both journeys, and talk to local people who recall the area as it was then. Portions of the recordings were used by Orchard in his CBC program "The Chilcotin Revisited" (T3289:0001). The tapes include ambient sound and commentary recorded at various locations, as well as the voices of: Peggy Keefe, Jim Keefe, Clarence Roberts, Elliot Weisgarber and other unidentified speakers. Locations visited include Clinton, Soda Creek, and the ferry across the Fraser River near Soda Creek.

CALL NUMBER: T1782:0001 tracks 1 - 4 [CDR] RECORDED: [location unknown], 1970-06 SUMMARY: [Dubbed from source reels T1782:01 to T1782:04.] Track 1: Mrs. Kellis discusses her 3-day train ride, the beauty of the countryside, the Clinton hotel, and hotel manager Charlie Miner. (7 minutes) Track 2: Peggy Keefe describes how she came to know the Bryant family. The school near Soda Creek that Jane, Caroline and Alfred Bryant attended. She recalls the children and the piano. (5 minutes) Track 3: Jim Keefe recalls the Bryant family: their meals, their log cabin where, the family preparing for their trip. Sound of a train going by. Clarence Roberts discusses the Overland Charter Telegraph in Soda Creek, Mrs. Bryant (who cared for his mother in 1954), the old community hall, the old hotel, and a description of the town in earlier times. (13 minutes) Track 4: Unidentified speaker discusses a person who brought farming equipment to Soda Creek from Alberta 50 years earlier, then decided that the area was too rocky to farm, so sold his things and went home. The speaker describes the town as it was then, ferrymen, and members of the community. (13 minutes)

CALL NUMBER: T1782:0001 tracks 5 - 7 [CDR] RECORDED: [location unknown], 1970-06 SUMMARY: [Dubbed from source reels T1782:05 to T1782:07.] Track 5: Recorded at the ferry dock 1 mile below Soda Creek. Mr. Orchard describes the landscape. Mrs. Kellis describes the ferry dock, and tells a story about a cougar and a dog. The recording continues on the ferry as it crosses the river. Ambience. Mrs. Kellis recalls where some gold was found. Discussion turns to the log cabin where the Bryants lived in Meldrum Creek. Mrs. Kellis describes where the well was dug. (11 minutes) Track 6: Mrs. Kellis continues the cougar story, and recalls the history of this specific cabin, where they lived after they leaving Sutton. The cabin as it is now, described by Mr. Orchard. Ranching in the U.S. and in B.C. Specific fences they used to keep away moose. Bachelors on ranches. (11 minutes) Track 7: A description of Buckskin Creek as an introduction to Jim Keefe's home, where the Bryants stayed after living at the Alger house. Mrs. Kellis describes the house, where lived there for a year to be closer to the school. The Gentle place near Charlie Ross' property just after the family lived at Sutton. An anecdote about chopping wood. Her feelings about the home at Bruin Ranch. Mr. Orchard describes the woods they have passed through to get to another log house owned by Mr. Sutton at Meldrum Creek. (11 minutes)

CALL NUMBER: T1782:0002 [CDR] RECORDED: [location unknown], 1970-06 SUMMARY: [Dubbed from source reels T1782:09 to T1782:14.] Track 1: A speaker (possibly Willena Hodson) discusses how a home was broken into and robbed. Mr. Orchard describes the rooms and their functions. The house was built between 1914 and 1918. Mrs. Kellis recalls what the house was like when her family lived there. The first stagecoaches belonged to Mr. Hodson, just beyond Riske Creek and the Dark Cabin where Indians lived. (12 minutes) Track 2: Ambient sounds, followed by an interview with an unidentified man about different ways of getting to Williams Lake, ranching, working the cattle, economics of ranching, and a German princess who bought a ranch in the area. (7 minutes) Track 3: Most of the ranches in the sera have stayed with the same families over generations. The unidentified man discusses his family's ranch, and how the ranch may be shared/split in the future. Anna French describes the Bryant family upon their arrival at the Knowles place, the family as they were at Tatla Lake, Cyrus Bryant's father, life in Anahim Lake, feeding cattle in winter, and the "lively" Bryant children. (13 minutes) Track 4: Mrs. Kellis recalls the school teacher. A sink she installed. She describes another home the family lived in at Tatla Lake, the old chicken roost built by Cyrus and his father, and the barn. (9 minutes) Track 5: Mrs. Kellis discusses: a uncompleted bridge, more about the barn, a story about Alfred knocking himself out, a fight with the Graeme family and the pranks the kids pulled, more description of the landscape, One-Eye Lake, local families, and the four kids they boarded. (11 minutes) Track 6: Mrs. Kellis discusses the mountains in the distance; she was so busy that she never had an opportunity to appreciate scenery. Walks the family would take. How she felt about living at Tatla Lake as compared to Anahim Lake. Getting work in Williams Lake. Teaching kids to dance. Her first trip to Bella Coola from Williams Lake in the summer of 1930. (14 minutes)

CALL NUMBER: T1782:0003 [CDR] RECORDED: [location unknown], 1970-06 SUMMARY: [Dubbed from source reels T1782:15 to T1782:19.] Track 1: Mrs. Kellis tells a story about apples being kept in the cellar, where Alfred would often smuggle them out to the other kids. More description and editorial by Mr. Orchard of the home and the Johnny Bull Creek and stream at Tatla Lake. Mrs. Kellis discusses what happened to the school when the family moved to Williams Lake, the whitewashed logs that they used to build the cabin, paint and colors. (12 minutes) Track 2: Ambience. Description of the location: the meadows around Tatla Lake during a race. More ambience. Harry McGhee, who was the postmaster at Tatla Lake, describes and discusses the meaning of Tatlayoko Lake: big wind. He describes his experience of coming to live at Williams Lake and then Tatlayoko Lake. (16 minutes) Track 3: Mr. McGhee continues by describing his first winter in Canada. His first impressions of the Bryant family. What life was like at that time. Tommy Hudson, who owned a freight ride. The small mills in the 1940s, and the effects on local ranchers of corporate mills. Mechanization. Ranches sold to outsiders. (12 minutes) Track 4: Mr. McGhee continues, discussing his garden, a character named Benny Franklin who opened up many roads in the area, stores in Williams Lake, a man named Sutton, experiences in winter trapping, and stories about Indians. (15 minutes) Track 5: Ambience. Discussion with an unidentified man about the Bryants when they lived at Tatla Lake. He tells stories about eggs, Tatla Lake snowfalls, freighting, his first impressions on meeting the Bryants at Tatla Lake, a story about a bull the Bryants owned, and his impressions of their house. (13 minutes)

CALL NUMBER: T1782:0004 [CDR] RECORDED: [location unknown], 1970-06 SUMMARY: [Dubbed from source reel T1782:20.] Track 1: An unidentified woman (possibly Lillian Collier) discusses the stampede at Riske Creek many years prior, Indians, Joe Elkins, country dances, rodeos, and the impact of alcohol on the Indian people. (11 minutes)

Cliff Duke interview

CALL NUMBER: T4105:0008.1 RECORDED: Gordondale (B.C.), 1983-11 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Came west for harvesting in 1923. Timekeeping for Fred Brewster operation in Jasper, 1923 to 1927. Operated dairy in Jasper, 1927-28. Homesteading near Beaverlodge, 1929-1940. Monkman Pass (highway) work. Fred Brewster's operation: building Jasper golf course with 52 teams of horses, relocating CNR round house, tourist chalets and tours, "Pocahontas" (Miette) hot springs. Daily charges for hunting and dude trips. George and Jack Brester. The Neighbors. Otto brothers. Jack Hargreaves. First Jasper winter carnival in 1924: setting ski trail with Pete Withers, ski race, costume contest. Railroad surveys in Monkman Pass area. Kelly Sunderman. Monkman Pass highway trail work. TRACK 2: Henry Hobic, trapper. Alex Monkman, early trader, and origin of pass name. Monkman expedition: organization, work logistics, route description. Trapping area. Pack for Gulf Oil surveys, late 1940s. Onion Lake fossils. Gas seep. Volcano (sinkhole) near Jarvis Lakes. Description of Kakwa Lake area. Some cold sulphur springs. 1932 prospecting trip.

CALL NUMBER: T4105:0008.2 RECORDED: Gordondale (B.C.), 1983-11 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Carl Brooks died in a plane crash at Kakwa Lake in 1945. Tom Wilde. Met Hersh Neighbor during his pack move (1954) from Tete Jaune Cache. [TRACK 2: blank.]

Cliff Harrison interview

CALL NUMBER: T1028:0001 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1961-07-08 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Cliff Harrison describes how he came to Ootsa Lake, and the good reputation of the land for agriculture. He discusses his father, who was a miner in the Kootenays and his memories of the; East Kootenays; the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway in 1914, his experience working in a Hudson's Bay Company store in Kamloops; work for mining companies; reminiscences of Ootsa Lake in 1912, including ;that there was no doctor; how people had to help each other. He describes a few local characters and early settlers: Harry Morgan, Mike Touhy, Shorty Matheson, Cataline (Jean Caux), Barney Mulvaney, a;nd Skin Tyee, who was also known as Charlie Clutesi. TRACK 2: Mr. Harrison continues with more on local characters Skin Tyee and Florence Hinton. Mr. Harrison then recalls his experiences with Native Indians, and the introduction of aviation to the Ootsa Valley.

CALL NUMBER: T1028:0002 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1966-05-05 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Cliff Harrison recalls how Indians came to have their legends via observations with no evidence, and the Indian legend of "Devil Man"; a story of a man dying of scurvy; and discusses trappin;g and selling fur in Kimsquit Valley. TRACK 2: Mr. Harrison recalls a bear story; anecdotes about what he did for amusement; and traveling through the Interior, including how he traveled.;

CALL NUMBER: T1028:0003 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1961-07-08 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Harrison recalls trapping beginning in 1906, including how trappers came to the area; fighting in World War I and coming back to the wilderness in 1919; anecdotes about selling furs in a; fluctuating market; a trapping convention and basket social; Mr. Harrison's recollections of other trappers, including John Mikkelson, Jack and Arthur Shelford, Harry Morgan (who was the first white man in the area), Skin Tyee and Jimmy Morgan. TRACK 2: Mr. Harrison continues discussing trappers such as Jimmy Morgan. He tells a story about mixing flying with trapping, and starting a trend for other trappers learning to fly; miscellaneous events connected to trapping, including almost freezing to death; and impressions and anecdotes about wolverines.

CALL NUMBER: T1028:0004 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1961-07-08 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Harrison recalls growing up in the East Kootenay, including what life was like before the railroad; a detailed description of Captain Armstrong, a steamboat captain who navigated the Columbia River; the significance and details on the running of steamboats at that time; logging and wages. Harrison describes his arrival in BC in 1904, including his impressions. Harrison recalls various characters (and elaborates on what life was like at that time): Rufus Kimpton, Jim Brewer and a few more. TRACK 2: Mr. Harrison continues with more characters and events: the opening of the Paradise Mine; real estate promoter Randolph Bruce; "Bugroom"; Mr. and Mrs. Joe Lake; Frank Stoddard, who had a hotel; several stories about blacksmith Sinc Craig,including one where he broke his leg falling into a grave at a funeral; Malcolm Cameron, the first policeman in the area, and how early pioneers were very law abiding, E.J. Scoville, who was the first magistrate and was also a champion speed; skater based out of Wilmer, and Jim McKay, the cattle baron at Athalmer.

Clifford Eagle interview

RECORDED: Lac la Hache (B.C.), 1983-11-21 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Childhood spent around Dog Creek, Alkali Lake, and 150 Mile House. Made money "chasing" coyotes with horses. Ranched and trapped in the Lac La Hache area. Noted for "man-hunting" skills. Details of tracking for lost and dead men. Guided for Ted Ogden and Percy Hamilton. His two guiding areas were Lac La Hache and Crooked Lake. Advertising. Cougar dogs. Moose populations. "Reading bear" story. TRACK 2: Good cooking an important aspect. Operational aspects. Used Indian guides. Wolves and [bounty?]. Other outfitters: Buster Hamilton, Herbie McNeil. Ceased guiding in 1969 or 1970.

David Fraser interview

RECORDED: [location unknown], 1962-03 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Fraser recalls people and events around Adams Lake from 1900s to 1950s, including the first white inhabitants, a prospector Andy McClone; story about the rescue of a trapper with scurvy; Jack Wallace of Sunset Creek; and about a trapper Bill Anderson who died of a stroke. He describes the Adams River Lumber Company; a horse-logging operation that once employed 400 men. He recalls a colony of Seventh Day Adventists that lasted four years on upper Adams Lake. He tells about the failed attempt to settle Doukhobors on upper Adams in early 1950s. He tells about a man who robbed the U.S. army payroll and used the money to start the Cariboo Lodge on the lake, but was eventually caught. The lodge was taken over by a German named Jacob. Fraser operated the steamboat "A.R. Hellen" on the lake for the Adams River Lumber Company, and was involved in the rescuing a mentally ill Swede and others who became sick. He describes the system of dams built by the Adams Lake Lumber Company to transport logs down to mill in Chase. Mr. Fraser concludes with an account of how he came to lower Adams Lake beginning with birth in N.B.; work in Saskatchewan; then Vancouver before going to Adams Lake where his brother lived, and where he married and settled. [TRACK 2: blank.]

Del Miller interview

RECORDED: [location unknown], [196-] SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Del Miller recalls his arrival in BC in 1909 from Ontario; a wide variety of jobs he worked at upon arrival; South Fort George in 1911; Hudson's Hope; trapping; shipping freight on Peace; River; Finlay Rapids; more on trapping; living with his family in Deserters Canyon; trading posts; river transportation and freights; scows; more on Hudson's Hope; living in the region, including other pioneers and supplies and the Beaver Indians; trapping; medical care; and a story about his son who was accidentally shot. TRACK 2: Mr. Miller continues with his story about his son; how airplane;s brought in supplies and mail; how he was a mail carrier for a year; how he got supplies from the Fraser River with barges; an account of river accidents; climate; trails; and family history.

Dick DeWees interview

CALL NUMBER: T2798:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Boyhood of a young trapper ; trapping around Hobson Lake and Horsefly, B.C. RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977-08-22 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Arrival of the DeWees family on foot from Washington when Dick was 10; the family camped for a while, then settled in an old cabin at Antoine Lake, northwest of Horsefly, where they lived for two years in the 1920s; life when Dick was a young boy; story of fishing on Horsefly Lake; trapping at Antoine Lake; schooling at Horsefly at the first and second schools there; how he earned $60.00 a month as a janitor while going to school; school at Black Creek. TRACK 2: Trapping as a young boy at Hobson Lake; his family winters on Quesnel Lake at Killdog Creek; story of trapper Bill Miner and trapping with Lloyd Walters. CALL NUMBER: T2798:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Stories of old-timers and of the local dances, Horsefly, B.C. RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Dick DeWees talks about the old Miocene Mine in 1918; mining at Jawbone Pool; mining near Joe Williams' house, east of the river, in 1923. Dick tells the story of cooking for a suppression crew when he was 13; trapping with Fred and B. Hooker and Lloyd Walters; stories about Tom Hooker and the Hooker family; blacksmith; sawmill; hunting lodge. TRACK 2: Stories of old timers in Horsefly; Spencer Hope Patenaude and the telegraph office; John Wawn, a central figure in the community; Justice of the Peace; school trustee; his shoe repair shop; Alec and Matilda Meiss of the Meiss Hotel; the Bull Moose Club as bachelor's headquarters; dances at the community hall. CALL NUMBER: T2798:0003 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Transportation and hunting in the Cariboo RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: The trip from the United States to Horsefly in 1918; early roads; Horsefly in 1918. TRACK 2: Trapping around Horsefly Lake and Quesnel Lake. CALL NUMBER: T2798:0004 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Big game hunting in the Cariboo RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978 SUMMARY: Big game hunting around Horsefly, B.C. CALL NUMBER: T2798:0005 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978 SUMMARY: [No content summary available for this tape.] CALL NUMBER: T2798:0006 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Prospecting and mining in the Horsefly area; both placer and hard-rock. TRACK 2: Mining around Horsefly; dances in the community hall.

Emil and Gertrude Krebs interview

CALL NUMBER: T0373:0001 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1964-07-24 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Emil Richard Krebs and his wife Gertrude Krebs recall their experiences in the Cariboo-Chilcotin region. Mr. Krebs discusses his father, Fred Krebs, who settled in Vernon. Mr. Krebs describes Okanagan ranches and Vernon circa 1908. He discloses his first experiences in the Chilcotin in 1928, Chilcotin ranches, several anecdotes, how he took up land at Dog Creek, the settlement of the Dog Creek area, the Chinese population, wild horses, and the trap line at Canim Lake in 1939. TRACK 2: Mr. Krebs offers an anecdote about trappers, pioneers at Canim Lake, the story of Buckskin Joe, the Indian population, the town of Likely, Quesnel Forks, and anecdotes about mining in the Keithley Creek-Likely area.

CALL NUMBER: T0373:0002 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1964-07-24 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mrs. Gertrude Krebs, born in McLeod Lake in 1900, recalls Cariboo life. She offers the details of her birth, a brief summary of her life to 1919, a fire in Williams Lake, Williams Lake in the 1920s, and the first Williams Lake Stampedes. [TRACK 2: blank.]

Erik Viksten interview

CALL NUMBER: T2797:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): An immigrant's life in the Depression : homesteading at Horsefly Lake RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Erik Viksten's family in Sweden; their dairy farm; immigration to Canada in 1928; special difficulties of life during the Depression for an immigrant; various jobs on the prairies and BC in carpentry, mining and ranching. TRACK 2: Arrival in Horsefly; first visit to [his] brothers' in Horsefly in 1937; fishing on Horsefly Lake; lodge on Horsefly Lake; the south shore of Horsefly Lake, 1948; first resident on the south shore of Horsefly Lake; salmon hatcheries at Horsefly; those who worked there; the operation; winter on the lake; travel.

CALL NUMBER: T2797:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Life at Horsefly Lake in the 1950s and 1960s RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Boat building on Horsefly Lake; how Erik became involved in boat building; technicalities of boat building with the facilities Erik had on the lake. Life on Horsefly Lake during the 1950s; trappers in the winter time; Erik trapped one winter. TRACK 2: People living one the lake cutting ice in winter to preserve food. Travel in the winter. Erik made skis on which he travelled into Horsefly. What Erik remembers of Horsefly in 1948: the general store; the old-timers who gathered at the store to tell stories. Erik tells a trapping story that involved John Larson, Jack Grahame, and himself.

Eugene Merrill interview

RECORDED: Edson (Alta.), 1984-10 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Early trapping and moose hunting in the Peace River region. Local guides names. Worked for Stan Clark and Jack Hargreaves in the Jasper area, circa 1938. Art and Ken Allen were head guides. Other Jasper outfits in the 1940s noted. Tips given on summer and fall trips. Pat Smith, Ed and Frank Moberly. Cooks. Hargreaves' area was Sulphur River; trailed in from Devona. Red Ilee. Hunter's death recounted; taking out the body, etc. Worked for Red Creighton's outfit after WWII. Outfitting summer climbing trips, usually 14 days. TRACK 2: Larry McGuire. Transferred into pack troop at Prince George during WWII; specialized horsemen, packed mountain fighters for manoeuvers in mountain parks. Gene was a farrier. A 'unique' discharge. Wife cooked for various outfitters. Various wages for summer and fall trips. Guiding equipment. Fish story regarding Jack Hargreaves. Frank Burstrom and disappearing elk horns story.

Fish and wildlife records

  • GR-1027
  • Series
  • 1920-1977

The series consists of records created by the Game Commission (1920-1957), the Fish and Game Branch (1957-1966), and the Fish and Wildlife Branch (1966-1977) relating to game, wildlife and fisheries management and conservation; environmental protection and habitat improvement; the administration of fish, trapping, and game laws; ecological and scientific investigations; water license applications and stream obstruction reports; flood control, pollution and protection of stream and river habitat; predator and rodent control; hunting, sports fisheries, outdoor recreation, and parks; Branch policy and administration.

The files contain correspondence, annual reports, manuals, memoranda and special reports and include correspondence with conservation and environmental groups, fish and game clubs, professional organizations of conservation officers, and other agencies of government.

The series also includes a subject file index (see box 2) and an index of orders-in-council relating to game enforcement, 1885-1968; hatchery records of the Cultus Lake, Smith Falls, and Lloyds Creek hatcheries of the Fish Culture Service, administered by the Canada Dept. of Marine and Fisheries (1920-1938) and the B.C. Came Commission (1938-1949).

British Columbia. Game Commission

Frances and Lewis Knutson interview

RECORDED: [location unknown], 1970 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Lewis Knutson remembers trapping and prospecting in the Tete Jaune Cache area in the early twentieth century; coming to Thompson's Crossing in 1911 to trap; the Indians; prospecting; place names; trails; more on trapping and Indians. TRACK 2: Mr. Knutson continues discussing present land use; hunting; lumber; Jasper; fur markets; his marriage in 1927 and how they lived at Thompson Crossing. Then, Mrs. Francis Knutson talks about her background; coming to Tete Jaune Cache and her father, Mr. Frye, building a stopping house in Alberta in 1912. Finally she discusses Valemount.

Fur management files

  • GR-3581
  • Series
  • 1962-1986

Series consists of records created as part of the BC Government’s management and regulation of trapping. The files were created between 1950 and 1986 by the Fish and Game Branch and, its successors, the Fish and Wildlife Branch, and Wildlife Branch. The administration of trapping during this period was governed by the Wildlife Act (SBC 1966, c. 55).

The records are arranged chronologically in two subseries: subject files and fur trader returns. The subject files cover a wide range of subjects including fur trade management, fur sales reports, BC Hydro, professional organizations, the Trapping Advisory Committee and the Committee on Humane Trapping. Some of the documents have been given numbers that correspond with classification numbers in the Fish and Wildlife file classification system. These numbers (15, 17 and 63) relate to the subjects of fur trade, traplines and fur bearers.

The fur trader returns consist of forms completed by the trappers that list their name, their location, licence number and the total number and types of animals trapped.

The Government Records Management Branch appraised these records for retention and selectively retained a portion of the files in 1992 and 2005. The subject files were sampled and a small number were selected for retention.

The fur trader returns were selectively retained. For the trapping seasons 1967-68 to 1974-75, all forms for one zone were selected for each year. Beginning with the 1979-80 season, selected months for each year were retained. There were no fur trader returns forms for the 1975-76 to 1978-79 seasons.

British Columbia. Fish and Wildlife Branch

Game Commission Manual

  • GR-1790
  • Series
  • 1956

Procedure Manual. "A consolidation of orders, regulations, information, and general routines in effect and which are to be strictly adhered to by the personnel of this Commission".

British Columbia. Game Commission

George Korsvik interview

RECORDED: Victoria (B.C.), 1984-01 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Came to Canada from Norway in 1927. Trapped and guided out of Valemount from 1929 to 1936. Trap line with Ollie Lebeck, Wood River/Athabasca Pass. Historic Athabasca Trail. Oswald Svendsen. Fortress Lake, 1930. Darryl Zanuck hunting trip on Canoe and Columbia Rivers in 1932 or 1933. Ed Garrett, river guide. Hunters' death. Hunters' names. Guides Art Allen, Chuck Chesser, Oliver Travers, and Ted Abrams, cooks, Eric Swanson. Berg Lake dude rides. Hargreaves brothers. Stan Carr and Mount Robson area. TRACK 2: Topographic surveys, Kinbasket Lake/Canoe River 1936. Frank Swannell. Survey work on Vancouver Island and in the Rockies in 1939. Canadian Army. Relocation to Valemount. Hunting by boat in Canoe River area. Road along Canoe River. Trapping and guiding logistics. Al Huble. Curly Phillip's river boat. Canoe River hot springs.

George Monroe interview

CALL NUMBER: T0691:0001 RECORDED: [location unknown], [196-] SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. George C. Monroe discusses his early life; born in Idaho, November 15, 1885. He discusses his father, who was a Methodist preacher who moved all around the western states before coming to Canada; the Methodist church; eventually moving to Alberta where he lived for ten years; moved to BC with his wife and two children; describes why he moved to Alberta to be a rancher with his brother; he was also a school teacher; moved near Coronation, Alberta; moved to BC to be a homesteader. He went to McBride but thought it was miserable; he describes the area in great detail; he describes his process of finding and establishing a homestead; he describes his ranch; he describes his neighbours, and his first few years on the ranch; the problems with local ferries. TRACK 2: Mr. Monroe continues by telling the story of the Farmers Institute, where they elected him to be the leader; there were no farmers in the Institute, only ranchers and lumberjacks; he discusses a few incidents and characters who were related to the Institute; Jack Mints, a locomotive foreman; a baseball game between the farmers and the railroaders; Wally Jack, who was a mill man and lumberjack; McBride. He describes his parents' lives in Edmonton as hotel owners who also ran a soup kitchen; a rough life in Edmonton; hunting for moose; his work ethic; incidents from his early life; his first winter; Christmas dinner; other anecdotes.

CALL NUMBER: T0691:0002 RECORDED: [location unknown], [196-] SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Monroe continues with an anecdote about a dog; more about his ranch; a fire in the house; more stories about incidents which happened on the land, including a run-in with a beaver; he also discusses trapping. [TRACK 2: blank.]

Glenn Walters interview : [Houghton, 1977]

CALL NUMBER: T2785:0001 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977-07-06 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Glenn begins with his birth in 1902 in South Bend, Washington; his mother went down to be with relatives for the birth and returned shortly after. His parents operated a ranch and one of the two hotels in Horsefly. Glen talks of the community when the three major mines were operating; the Hydraulic Mine operated by J.B. Hobson, who was also manager of the Bullion Mine at Likely; the Orientals, who dug ditches and worked in the mines; Ward's Mine; the Miocene Mine; I.D. and E. Co. (International Dredging Co.); the effects on the community of the closure of the mines; Glen began trapping when he was very young and has trapped for over sixty years. He talks about what a trap line is, where his was in the Quesnel Lake area, how much time he spent on the trap line and what he took with him. TRACK 2: Glen continues to talk about trapping; what it was like to live on a trap line for several months, what the trapping cabins were like; a few stories of his experiences on the trapline; about traps; how he sold the fur; how trapping today compares to trapping in the 1920s and 1930s.

CALL NUMBER: T2785:0002 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977-07-06 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Trapping; supplies in trappers cabins; setting traps; stretching and tanning hides; first aid on the trap line; trapping regulations; big game hunting; guiding; began when he was about 19 years old; first time guiding hunters from California; supplies taken by hunters; hunting stones, etc. TRACK 2: Big game hunting; hunting stories; game population; decreasing and increasing numbers over the years; wolves across Quesnel Lake; changes in big game hunting; small game in the area; grouse and pheasant; dressing and preparing meat; brief description of the Williams Lake Stampede in the 1920s.

CALL NUMBER: T2785:0003 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977-07-06 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Father's ranch; the Walters's Ranch; work around the ranch; hired help; Ah Wee, the Chinese domestic and ranch hand; operations around the ranch; survey of ranches up Black Creek; mining at Eureka Creek in the early 1900s; ranches, pre-emptions along Horsefly Lake Road; ranches in Beaver Valley. TRACK 2: Ranches in Beaver Valley; cattle drives from Horsefly to Ashcroft and Williams Lake as late at the 1940s; early freighting along the Cariboo Road from Ashcroft; team and wagon; trips into Horsefly; freighting with trucks; goods brought into Horsefly; incident at home with family.

CALL NUMBER: T2785:0004 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977-07-12 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Glen talks about buying a small ranch in Horsefly from his mother and building up the ranch into a working operation; clearing land; seeding; irrigation; haying; Indian crews; trading with locals; winter campgrounds; battle on Cariboo Island and the reason there are no Indians in Horsefly. TRACK 2: 108 Road; original road into Horsefly before the road from 150 Mile; his father had the mail route over 108 Road; original road through Horsefly to Quesnel Lake and across to the gold fields around Barkerville and Keithley Creek.

CALL NUMBER: T2785:0005 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Glen remembers the wild horses in the area before they died out; role of women on the ranches; fencing in the early days; Farmer's Institute; buying seed in the early days; effects of the First World War on ranching, as well as the Depression and the Second World War. TRACK 2: Differences between ranching in the early days and ranching today; early roads around Horsefly; road-building crews; horse graders; corduroying; changeover to power graders; trucks; freighting with trucks and traffic along 150 Road in the 1920s; conditions of the roads.

CALL NUMBER: T2785:0006 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Glen's father owned and operated the Walters Hotel which was one of two hotels during the early 1900s; the bunkhouses used by miners; the Meiss Hotel; the main hotel also called the City Hotel, had a small store; description of it, saloon, dining room, livery stables, rooms, services provided; patrons; gambling; miners; Walters Hotel also called the Horsefly Hotel; rooms; livery stables; dining room, meals; Harry Walters carried gold for Hobson and was also an early forest ranger. TRACK 2: House of ill repute in Horsefly; hotel patrons; celebrations at hotels; first phone installed in Horsefly.

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