The series consists of records created between 1909 and 1972 by the Northern Division or Northern Region of the Fish and Wildlife Branch and the "D" Division of its predecessor bodies, that relate to the registration and administration of traplines and the trapping industry. For most of the years covered in these records, this division/region consisted of all of British Columbia north of a line from Quesnel to Bella Coola, including these two places as well as Prince Rupert, Kitimat, Queen Charlotte Islands, the Stikine region, Cassiar, McDames Creek, Fort Nelson, Fort St. John and the Peace River region, the upper Fraser River valley of the McBride-Tete Jaune Cache area, the Nechako valley, the Skeena region, and the Prince George area.

The series include early files transferred from the B.C. Police, files regarding First Nations traplines, and individual trapline files, 1922-1969; records on registered guides, including guide report forms and nominal files, 1948-1972; crime investigation reports and conviction record books of violation of fish and game laws, 1930-1967; game management records including subject files on wildlife organization, management activities, and data on various species.

This series contains a large number of maps and sketches from 1909 to 1972, especially relating to the trapline and guide files. Many of these were removed from their files in 1982 and catalogued as two separate sub-series by the Map Division of the BC Archives. An index map of guiding territories was also removed.

See index map of guiding territories catalogued as CM/G6
See sub-series CM/E117 for trapline maps, 1909-1968
See sub-series CM/C2054 (previously CM/S2) for trapline sketches, 1922-1972.

Procedure Manual. "A consolidation of orders, regulations, information, and general routines in effect and which are to be strictly adhered to by the personnel of this Commission".

RECORDED: [location unknown], 1964-11-09 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Neil Cameron discusses trappers and prospectors in the Fort Steele area; came from Scotland with his family at the age of fifteen; worked for lumber companies and then surveyed; residents; of Fort Steele were; "a very fine class of people"; Wild Horse River was still producing at the turn of the century; Joe Walsh was the Fort Steele constable; Cameron became the game warden for Cranbrook district in 1928; traits of the old trappers. [TRACK 2: blank.]

CALL NUMBER: T0164:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Placer Mining and miners of the Cariboo, 1858 - 1920. RECORDED: [location unknown], 1964-04-17 SUMMARY: Captain Norman "Cap" Evans-Atkinson talks about placer mining and miners in the Likely area of the Cariboo, 1858 to 1920. TRACK 1: The miners coming to the Cariboo, circa 1858; sailors who became miners; types of gold; detailed discussion of placer mining along creeks, techniques, equipment, terminology; mining settlements; hard rock mining. TRACK 2: Story of John Likely, J.B. Hobson, and the Bullion Mine; Likely and his books; Cedar Creek; phases of mining; claim jumpers; Cedar City; details of the Cariboo fire of 1869; the Quesnel Lake dam.; CALL NUMBER: T0164:0002 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1964-04-17; 1964-05-05 SUMMARY: Captain Norman "Cap" Evans-Atkinson talks about Cariboo gold and gold miners, 1858 to 1930. TRACK 1: Miners in the backwoods; enmity between two miners; draft evaders; old-timers; Captain Mitchell's trail to the Barkerville gold fields; people at "Snarlburg" (French Snowshoe Creek); Murderer's Gulch; more on Captain Mitchell's trail; Angus McLean, who lived along the Quesnel River. TRACK 2: Story of how miners were guided by Indians, by the name of Tomah and Long Baptiste, to gold on the Horsefly River, beginning the Cariboo gold rush; potatoes brought in by Russian fur traders; hostility of Indians toward miners; massacre averted by Chief William; Indians co-operated with other prospecting parties; Long Baptiste guide/bodyguard for Judge Begbie; Long Baptiste probably had the earliest Cariboo gold. CALL NUMBER: T0164:0003 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1964-05-05 SUMMARY: Captain Norman "Cap" Evans-Atkinson talks about miners and other people of the Cariboo, 1860 to 1930. TRACK 1: Different types of gold found in the Cariboo; the Indians and the animals they hunted; caribou in the Cariboo; stories about a trapper named Franz who lived alone in the woods; Long Baptiste and Judge Begbie; more on Franz the trapper; eating porcupines; other stories about men living alone in the woods. TRACK 2: Captain Evans-Atkinson's background; came to the Cariboo circa 1912; Cariboo people; World War I service; impressed by Canadians; return to Cariboo; mining experiences; John Likely; gold strike above Quesnel Forks in 1921; staying at miners' cabins; the naming of Likely, more on John Likely, story of Bob Winkler, an old trapper; pokes, money belts; gold caches. CALL NUMBER: T0164:0004 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1964-05-05 SUMMARY: TRACK 1; Captain Norman "Cap" Evans-Atkinson discusses some aspects of the trapper's life in the Cariboo, 1912 to 1930. Finding gold caches; stories about old-time trappers living alone in the woods; their habits; coping with flies, mosquitoes, ticks; stories about Jack Glass, another old-timer; encounters with bears. [TRACK 2: blank.]

CALL NUMBER: T2785:0001 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977-07-06 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Glenn begins with his birth in 1902 in South Bend, Washington; his mother went down to be with relatives for the birth and returned shortly after. His parents operated a ranch and one of the two hotels in Horsefly. Glen talks of the community when the three major mines were operating; the Hydraulic Mine operated by J.B. Hobson, who was also manager of the Bullion Mine at Likely; the Orientals, who dug ditches and worked in the mines; Ward's Mine; the Miocene Mine; I.D. and E. Co. (International Dredging Co.); the effects on the community of the closure of the mines; Glen began trapping when he was very young and has trapped for over sixty years. He talks about what a trap line is, where his was in the Quesnel Lake area, how much time he spent on the trap line and what he took with him. TRACK 2: Glen continues to talk about trapping; what it was like to live on a trap line for several months, what the trapping cabins were like; a few stories of his experiences on the trapline; about traps; how he sold the fur; how trapping today compares to trapping in the 1920s and 1930s.

CALL NUMBER: T2785:0002 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977-07-06 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Trapping; supplies in trappers cabins; setting traps; stretching and tanning hides; first aid on the trap line; trapping regulations; big game hunting; guiding; began when he was about 19 years old; first time guiding hunters from California; supplies taken by hunters; hunting stones, etc. TRACK 2: Big game hunting; hunting stories; game population; decreasing and increasing numbers over the years; wolves across Quesnel Lake; changes in big game hunting; small game in the area; grouse and pheasant; dressing and preparing meat; brief description of the Williams Lake Stampede in the 1920s.

CALL NUMBER: T2785:0003 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977-07-06 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Father's ranch; the Walters's Ranch; work around the ranch; hired help; Ah Wee, the Chinese domestic and ranch hand; operations around the ranch; survey of ranches up Black Creek; mining at Eureka Creek in the early 1900s; ranches, pre-emptions along Horsefly Lake Road; ranches in Beaver Valley. TRACK 2: Ranches in Beaver Valley; cattle drives from Horsefly to Ashcroft and Williams Lake as late at the 1940s; early freighting along the Cariboo Road from Ashcroft; team and wagon; trips into Horsefly; freighting with trucks; goods brought into Horsefly; incident at home with family.

CALL NUMBER: T2785:0004 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977-07-12 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Glen talks about buying a small ranch in Horsefly from his mother and building up the ranch into a working operation; clearing land; seeding; irrigation; haying; Indian crews; trading with locals; winter campgrounds; battle on Cariboo Island and the reason there are no Indians in Horsefly. TRACK 2: 108 Road; original road into Horsefly before the road from 150 Mile; his father had the mail route over 108 Road; original road through Horsefly to Quesnel Lake and across to the gold fields around Barkerville and Keithley Creek.

CALL NUMBER: T2785:0005 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Glen remembers the wild horses in the area before they died out; role of women on the ranches; fencing in the early days; Farmer's Institute; buying seed in the early days; effects of the First World War on ranching, as well as the Depression and the Second World War. TRACK 2: Differences between ranching in the early days and ranching today; early roads around Horsefly; road-building crews; horse graders; corduroying; changeover to power graders; trucks; freighting with trucks and traffic along 150 Road in the 1920s; conditions of the roads.

CALL NUMBER: T2785:0006 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Glen's father owned and operated the Walters Hotel which was one of two hotels during the early 1900s; the bunkhouses used by miners; the Meiss Hotel; the main hotel also called the City Hotel, had a small store; description of it, saloon, dining room, livery stables, rooms, services provided; patrons; gambling; miners; Walters Hotel also called the Horsefly Hotel; rooms; livery stables; dining room, meals; Harry Walters carried gold for Hobson and was also an early forest ranger. TRACK 2: House of ill repute in Horsefly; hotel patrons; celebrations at hotels; first phone installed in Horsefly.

CALL NUMBER: T1038:0001 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1964-07-17 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Lawrence Dickinson recalls his journey from Wisconsin and arrival at Francois Lake in 1910, when he was about 15 years old. He describes his journey along the Cariboo Road; stopping in Quesnel Forks to help mine for the winter; the route he had to take to Francois Lake; filing preemptions upon arriving in Francois Lake; joining a survey crew for Swannell company; life as a surveyor ;in the Fort Fraser, Prince George and general Upper Nechako area in 1910. He describes Fort St. James and the HBC post located there in the summer of 1911; the old trails in the area, leisure activities at Fort St. James, and how much everyone enjoyed the area; A.G. Hamilton's trading post in Fort St. James; work he did over the next several winters; how the war disrupted life; his father's trading post at Fort Fraser in 1915; how he and his brother bought out the trading post and went into business for themselves; the kind of people in Fort St. James before the war, including railroad construction men and other old timers; Mr. Murray who was a factor for the HBC and other characters; what makes the area so attractive; the difficulty nowadays at making a living as a trapper; shifts in mining techniques, changes in the Necoslie Valley after WWI; and how Fort St. James continues to be a jumping off point for miners and people of various vocations. TRACK 2: Mr. Dickinson continues how t;he HBC got supplies to their forts; how the war affected business in the area and how the mercury mine boosted the economy; how preemptors could not get good land because companies took all the prime ;real estate.;

CALL NUMBER: T1038:0002 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1971 [summer] SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Dickinson comments on the attitudes of people and various characters in Vanderhoof from his past; anecdotes about gold miners and how the landscape has changed; buildings at Fort St. Jam;es that are no longer standing; how the younger generation is not as reliable as the older generations; the fur trade around Fort St. James and how the local buyers had the monopoly; and a few old timers. TRACK 2: Mr. Dickinson describes traffic going through Fort St. James; changes in the area resulting in growing industry and construction; the rivalry among stores between the HBC and Dickinson and others; placer mining areas; freight service into the Nechako Valley by the HBC, Dickenson's surveying career from 1910 to 1913, including descriptions of places he surveyed; and miscellaneous comments about today's pioneers and industries.;

SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Hilda North remembers her father, Peter Herman, and Port Essington before 1907 PERIOD COVERED: 1870-1907 RECORDED: [location unknown], [196-] SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Hilda Theresa North talks about her father, Peter Herman who came from Germany, his adventures, his work in the Chemainus mill and for Robert Cunningham at the sawmill at Port Essington (1885). Her mother and father trapped at Lakelse Lake, then competed with Cunningham for the Indian fur trade. She speaks about her father's business relations with the Cunningham family, a fight between George Cunningham and Peter Herman, his businesses (sawmill, logging and canning) and his cannery operations. Hilda North recalls childhood memories of Port Essington and schooling. She relates more of her father's background, his advice to the G.T.P. officials on the Kaien Island site, his position as a MLA [?], and his involvement in the Gun-an-noot incident. Hilda North recalls more about her early life in Port Essington and her father's death.

RECORDED: [location unknown], [196-?] SUMMARY: Herbert Bilton discusses his arrival in the Finlay-Parsnip country; washing gold; trapping; freighting for the HBC; trading posts; fur trade; travelling by boat on the Crooked River and Pack River. Story about hunting caribou at 30 below; he froze his toes and had amputate them himself. More on fur trade and trading posts. [Note: This summary is based on a fragmentary and incomplete outline in the file.]

RECORDED: [location unknown], 1970 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Lewis Knutson remembers trapping and prospecting in the Tete Jaune Cache area in the early twentieth century; coming to Thompson's Crossing in 1911 to trap; the Indians; prospecting; place names; trails; more on trapping and Indians. TRACK 2: Mr. Knutson continues discussing present land use; hunting; lumber; Jasper; fur markets; his marriage in 1927 and how they lived at Thompson Crossing. Then, Mrs. Francis Knutson talks about her background; coming to Tete Jaune Cache and her father, Mr. Frye, building a stopping house in Alberta in 1912. Finally she discusses Valemount.

RECORDED: [location unknown], [196-] SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Del Miller recalls his arrival in BC in 1909 from Ontario; a wide variety of jobs he worked at upon arrival; South Fort George in 1911; Hudson's Hope; trapping; shipping freight on Peace; River; Finlay Rapids; more on trapping; living with his family in Deserters Canyon; trading posts; river transportation and freights; scows; more on Hudson's Hope; living in the region, including other pioneers and supplies and the Beaver Indians; trapping; medical care; and a story about his son who was accidentally shot. TRACK 2: Mr. Miller continues with his story about his son; how airplane;s brought in supplies and mail; how he was a mail carrier for a year; how he got supplies from the Fraser River with barges; an account of river accidents; climate; trails; and family history.

CALL NUMBER: T1028:0001 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1961-07-08 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Cliff Harrison describes how he came to Ootsa Lake, and the good reputation of the land for agriculture. He discusses his father, who was a miner in the Kootenays and his memories of the; East Kootenays; the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway in 1914, his experience working in a Hudson's Bay Company store in Kamloops; work for mining companies; reminiscences of Ootsa Lake in 1912, including ;that there was no doctor; how people had to help each other. He describes a few local characters and early settlers: Harry Morgan, Mike Touhy, Shorty Matheson, Cataline (Jean Caux), Barney Mulvaney, a;nd Skin Tyee, who was also known as Charlie Clutesi. TRACK 2: Mr. Harrison continues with more on local characters Skin Tyee and Florence Hinton. Mr. Harrison then recalls his experiences with Native Indians, and the introduction of aviation to the Ootsa Valley.

CALL NUMBER: T1028:0002 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1966-05-05 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Cliff Harrison recalls how Indians came to have their legends via observations with no evidence, and the Indian legend of "Devil Man"; a story of a man dying of scurvy; and discusses trappin;g and selling fur in Kimsquit Valley. TRACK 2: Mr. Harrison recalls a bear story; anecdotes about what he did for amusement; and traveling through the Interior, including how he traveled.;

CALL NUMBER: T1028:0003 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1961-07-08 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Harrison recalls trapping beginning in 1906, including how trappers came to the area; fighting in World War I and coming back to the wilderness in 1919; anecdotes about selling furs in a; fluctuating market; a trapping convention and basket social; Mr. Harrison's recollections of other trappers, including John Mikkelson, Jack and Arthur Shelford, Harry Morgan (who was the first white man in the area), Skin Tyee and Jimmy Morgan. TRACK 2: Mr. Harrison continues discussing trappers such as Jimmy Morgan. He tells a story about mixing flying with trapping, and starting a trend for other trappers learning to fly; miscellaneous events connected to trapping, including almost freezing to death; and impressions and anecdotes about wolverines.

CALL NUMBER: T1028:0004 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1961-07-08 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Harrison recalls growing up in the East Kootenay, including what life was like before the railroad; a detailed description of Captain Armstrong, a steamboat captain who navigated the Columbia River; the significance and details on the running of steamboats at that time; logging and wages. Harrison describes his arrival in BC in 1904, including his impressions. Harrison recalls various characters (and elaborates on what life was like at that time): Rufus Kimpton, Jim Brewer and a few more. TRACK 2: Mr. Harrison continues with more characters and events: the opening of the Paradise Mine; real estate promoter Randolph Bruce; "Bugroom"; Mr. and Mrs. Joe Lake; Frank Stoddard, who had a hotel; several stories about blacksmith Sinc Craig,including one where he broke his leg falling into a grave at a funeral; Malcolm Cameron, the first policeman in the area, and how early pioneers were very law abiding, E.J. Scoville, who was the first magistrate and was also a champion speed; skater based out of Wilmer, and Jim McKay, the cattle baron at Athalmer.

RECORDED: [location unknown], 1966-02-03 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Leo J. Bettison recalls some of his experiences in the central interior of BC, 1912 to 1914; and in the south Okanagan, 1918 to 1922. He describes his arrival in Victoria in 1912; work on Saltspring Island; work surveying and trapping in the Fort George area; joining up for World War I; travels; people in the Fort George area, including Billy Seymour and "Six-Mile Mary"; a potlatch on Saltspring Island; more details about the Fort George area; incidents in the bush; his return to Canada after the war, and his work in Saanich. TRACK 2: Mr. Bettison describes the making of straw;berry jam; going to the Okanagan and his early work there; farming near Oliver; a story about a deer shot near Fairview; Fairview and the people there; orchards in Oliver; irrigation; an anecdote about soldier-settlement schemes; buying hay from "Old MacIntyre"; Bill Skunover; stories about Indians in the Oliver area.

This series consists of Aboriginal liaison and First Nations consultation case files, primarily for the Cariboo region, from 1985-2008. These records document the Ministry of Environment and its successors' resource management involvement with First Nations groups and consultation with respect to resource management plans. Each file documents consultation and communication with a particular First Nation, Tribal Council or other Indigenous group regarding a variety of issues and practices related to resource management and use. File may be related to land claims, land use planning, the creation of sustainable resource management plans (SRMPs) and sub-regional area plans, or specific resource management and land management issues, including forestry, water rights, wildlife management and hunting, mining, protection of parks and cultural sites, and the creation of roads.

The files in this series were titled and organized in most instances as case files, based on the name of the First Nation involved in the consultation process. Many files document the creation and finalization of various kinds of agreements between the Ministry and First Nations groups. Files also include the planning and execution of joint projects, workshops and meetings to consult First Nations about the creation of resource management plans or to address specific resource management issues.

Files may include correspondence, reports, memorandums of understanding, agreements, financial records, business records of the relevant indigenous group, consultation protocols, maps, and newspaper articles and government responses to them.

Most files regard a particular indigenous group, mostly from the Cariboo and surrounding region, including: 'Esdilagh (Alexandria Band), Alexis Creek, Tl'etinqox Government (Anaham), Llenlleney'ten (High Bar), Bonaparte, Tsq’escen (Canim Lake), Stswecem’c/Xgat’tem (Canoe Creek), Carrier-Sekani Tribal Council, Carrier Chilcotin Tribal Council, Cariboo Tribal Council, Northern Secwēpemc te Qelmūcw (NStQ or Northern Shuswap Tribal Council), Esketemc (Alkali Lake), Hamatla Treaty Society, Homalco, Lhoosk’uz Dene (Kluskus), Lheidli-Tenneh, Nazko, Nuxalk Nation Government, Lhtako Dene (Red Bluff), Saik’uz, Skeetchestn, Shuswap Nation Tribal Council, Xat’sūll (Soda Creek), Simpcw (North Thompson Indian Band), Yunesit'in Government (Stone Indian Band), Tsilhqot’in National Government, Tl'esqox (Toosey First Nation), St'át'imc, Ts'kw'aylaxw, Ulkatcho Nation, Whispering Pines/Clinton, T'exelc (Williams Lake Indian Band), and Xeni Gwet’in First Nations. Other Indigenous groups may be mentioned within files.

Note that some of these files were reviewed as part of the following litigation: Xeni Gwet’in First Nations Government v. Her Majesty the Queen et al.

Ministries responsible for the creation of this series, and their dates of the responsibility, are:
Ministry of Environment (1988-1991)
British Columbia. Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks (1991-2001)
British Columbia. Ministry of Sustainable Resource Management (2001-2005)
British Columbia. Ministry of Agriculture and Lands (2005-2010)

Records in this series are covered by ORCS 17020-20 and 17730-25 of the Resource Management ORCS (schedule 144100).

RECORDED: [location unknown], 1965-08-08 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Buss recounts his father's [William Henry Buss] coming to Vancouver Island in the early 1880's; the homestead at Big Qualicum and his trap line in the Qualicum area. Mr. Buss discusses some local residents; Qualicum Tom; processing fish; water transportation; the mail route; trails; first settlers; the golf course; Qualicum Bay Inn in 1913; tourism; Little Qualicum; Kinkade family; and the lumber industry. [TRACK 2: blank.]

PERIOD COVERED: ;1927;-;[no date] RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976-03-12 SUMMARY: [No content summary available for this interview.];

CALL NUMBER: T0826:0001 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1965-08-04-& 06 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Ployart recounts his grandparent's settlement in the Courtenay area in the 1870s. He describes his early life; Comox; Courtenay; Cumberland; the Indian settlement; life on his family's farm. Later he became a logger and trapper. TRACK 2: Mr. Ployart continues with a description of his work on a fishing boat; and in a logging camp. He describes his reunion with his father in Alberta; the purchase of farm equipment; and his trek to the family's homestead. He recalls his time as a rancher; his trip to Vancouver; his time as a steam engineer; a successful logging operation.;

CALL NUMBER: T0826:0002 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1965-08-04-& 06 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Ployart describes some of his logging and trapping experiences in the Courtenay area; operating a pack train for the government survey parties and CPR surveys; anecdotes of some mainland inlet settlers. TRACK 2: Mr. Ployart discusses the weather and storms common to the mainland inlets; a tugboat trip to Prince Rupert; boating incidents.

CALL NUMBER: T4029:0003 RECORDED: Ladner (B.C.), 1982-12-21 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Warren Cameron comments and reflects on his experiences as an infantryman in France in WWI. Military training very inadequate. Conditions in trenches. Equipment. Food. Killing. TRACK 2: Game Commission staff were political appointments. Recollections of bootlegging and bootleggers in Fraser Valley. Use of ships to transport liquor. Tunnel at Boundary Bay for liquor smuggling. Comments about two notorious hijackers -- Sowash and Baker. Anecdotes and comments about prostitute Pansy May -- "I'm a good woman", befriended by Mr. Cameron. Recollections of Commissioner Bryan Williams -- a "game hog", when he was re-appointed as commissioner he was tempted to fire entire staff as political appointees. A "good old guy". Comments about A.P. Cummings, the first game warden of Chilliwack. Names different wildlife in Chilliwack Valley.;

CALL NUMBER: T4029:0004 RECORDED: Ladner (B.C.), 1982-12-21 SUMMARY: [No content summary available for this tape.];

SUMMARY: "CBC Radio International" refers to a service through which CBC programs were transmitted for broadcast in other countries. "Pioneer People of the North" is a collection of oral history recollections ;about settling and homesteading in the country between Prince George and Prince Rupert in the early part of the 20th century. The voices heard include: Mrs. H.F. Glassey, Arthur Shelford, Constance C;ox, Cliff Harrison, Bill Bickle, and Hugh McLean. The program was one of the first products of Imbert Orchard's Living Memory Project at CBC Vancouver, and a forerunner of Orchard's series "People in ;Landscape.";

CALL NUMBER: T2467:0001 track 1
SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Journey to Ootsa
SUMMARY: In this first of two programs, Arthur Shelford recalls how he came to Canada from England in 1908, some of his early working experiences in Alberta and British Columbia, and how he and his brother Jack located their homestead in the Ootsa Lake District.

CALL NUMBER: T2467:0001 track 2
SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Journeys of a homesteader
SUMMARY: In this second of two programs, Arthur Shelford recalls homesteading with his brother Jack in the Ootsa Lake district around 1910. He discusses their experiences clearing the land, building a sod-roof cabin, trapping, and living in a tent in winter, as well as a journey to Bella Coola to buy cattle for their farm. The local character Mike Touhy ("The Bard of the Lakes Country") is also remembered, and Touhy's poem "The Hazelton Trail" is recited by the narrator. The voices heard are Arthur Shelford, Cliff Harrison, and Frank Chettleburgh.

SUMMARY: Cliff Harrison talks about his days as a trapper in the Lakes District, south and west of Burns Lake.

SUMMARY: In "Homesteading at Ootsa Lake", #21 in the series, Arthur Shelford recalls his experiences homesteading and trapping in the Ootsa Lake country with his brother Jack.

RECORDED: [location unknown], [196-] SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Arthur Chadwick discusses his family history in Wisconsin all the way back to the American Civil War. He was born in 1885 and came to Canada by himself in 1907 to Alberta. Not liking Alberta, he worked for the CPR to save money to eventually move to BC in 1910. He discusses work available in Vancouver at that time, and an experience working on a sternwheeler in Hazelton. He describes moving to Babine Portage because of a booming mining community at that time and mentions several characters. He describes his experience as a camp cook in Burns Lake; getting lost out by Babine Portage for twenty-one days with nothing to eat and meeting Indians on Cunningham Lake who eventually took him to their camp and fed him; his friendship with Martin Starret, with whom he shared a property boundary and who ran a store; a description of Martin Starret's life and that of his uncle, who was fur trader C.B. Smith, and his wife and daughter and son; what life was like in Babine Portage; ;life at Babine hatchery and cannery; more on Martin Starret and how Mr. Chadwick began trapping in 1916; and an anecdote about having to register to get grub. TRACK 2: Mr. Chadwick continues with hi;s anecdotes including some places and names, more on trapping at Tatla Lake, raising cattle, and more on Mr. Chadwick's experience as a cook.

CALL NUMBER: T2798:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Boyhood of a young trapper ; trapping around Hobson Lake and Horsefly, B.C. RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977-08-22 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Arrival of the DeWees family on foot from Washington when Dick was 10; the family camped for a while, then settled in an old cabin at Antoine Lake, northwest of Horsefly, where they lived for two years in the 1920s; life when Dick was a young boy; story of fishing on Horsefly Lake; trapping at Antoine Lake; schooling at Horsefly at the first and second schools there; how he earned $60.00 a month as a janitor while going to school; school at Black Creek. TRACK 2: Trapping as a young boy at Hobson Lake; his family winters on Quesnel Lake at Killdog Creek; story of trapper Bill Miner and trapping with Lloyd Walters. CALL NUMBER: T2798:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Stories of old-timers and of the local dances, Horsefly, B.C. RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Dick DeWees talks about the old Miocene Mine in 1918; mining at Jawbone Pool; mining near Joe Williams' house, east of the river, in 1923. Dick tells the story of cooking for a suppression crew when he was 13; trapping with Fred and B. Hooker and Lloyd Walters; stories about Tom Hooker and the Hooker family; blacksmith; sawmill; hunting lodge. TRACK 2: Stories of old timers in Horsefly; Spencer Hope Patenaude and the telegraph office; John Wawn, a central figure in the community; Justice of the Peace; school trustee; his shoe repair shop; Alec and Matilda Meiss of the Meiss Hotel; the Bull Moose Club as bachelor's headquarters; dances at the community hall. CALL NUMBER: T2798:0003 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Transportation and hunting in the Cariboo RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: The trip from the United States to Horsefly in 1918; early roads; Horsefly in 1918. TRACK 2: Trapping around Horsefly Lake and Quesnel Lake. CALL NUMBER: T2798:0004 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Big game hunting in the Cariboo RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978 SUMMARY: Big game hunting around Horsefly, B.C. CALL NUMBER: T2798:0005 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978 SUMMARY: [No content summary available for this tape.] CALL NUMBER: T2798:0006 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Prospecting and mining in the Horsefly area; both placer and hard-rock. TRACK 2: Mining around Horsefly; dances in the community hall.

RECORDED: [location unknown], 1965-11-02 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Reid [first name unknown] recalls people and events around Adams Lake from the 1900s to the 1950s, including: the first white inhabitant, a prospector named Andy McConnell; the story about the rescue of a trapper with scurvy, Jack Wallace of Sunset Creek; and trapper Bill Anderson, who died of a stroke. He describes the Adams River Lumber Company, a horse logging operation that once employed 400 men. He recalls a colony of Seventh Day Adventists that lasted four years on upper Adams Lake. He tells about the failed attempt to settle Doukhobors on upper Adams in early 1950s. He tell;s about a man who robbed a U.S. Army payroll and used the money to start the Cariboo Lodge on the lake, but was eventually caught. The Lodge was taken over by a German named Jacob. Reid operated the steamboat "A.R. Hellen" for the Adams River Lumber Company, and was involved in the rescue of a mentally-ill Swede and others who became sick. He describes the system of dams built by Adams Lake Lumber; Company to transport logs down to mill in Chase. The interviewee concludes with an account of how he came to Lower Adams Lake, beginning with birth in N.B., work in Saskatchewan and then Vancouver, b;efore going to Adams Lake where he married and settled. [TRACK 2: blank.]

RECORDED: [location unknown], 1962-03 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Fraser recalls people and events around Adams Lake from 1900s to 1950s, including the first white inhabitants, a prospector Andy McClone; story about the rescue of a trapper with scurvy; Jack Wallace of Sunset Creek; and about a trapper Bill Anderson who died of a stroke. He describes the Adams River Lumber Company; a horse-logging operation that once employed 400 men. He recalls a colony of Seventh Day Adventists that lasted four years on upper Adams Lake. He tells about the failed attempt to settle Doukhobors on upper Adams in early 1950s. He tells about a man who robbed the U.S. army payroll and used the money to start the Cariboo Lodge on the lake, but was eventually caught. The lodge was taken over by a German named Jacob. Fraser operated the steamboat "A.R. Hellen" on the lake for the Adams River Lumber Company, and was involved in the rescuing a mentally ill Swede and others who became sick. He describes the system of dams built by the Adams Lake Lumber Company to transport logs down to mill in Chase. Mr. Fraser concludes with an account of how he came to lower Adams Lake beginning with birth in N.B.; work in Saskatchewan; then Vancouver before going to Adams Lake where his brother lived, and where he married and settled. [TRACK 2: blank.]

RECORDED: Comox (B.C.), 1965-08-03 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Rupert Williams describes how he came to Canada from Britain in 1905; homesteading in Alberta; working on a ranch; and a job in the civil service. He tells stories of how he went with h;is old boss prospecting to Mica Mountain; traveling to the mountain; unwillingly smuggling liquor through Peace River crossing; the frozen Peace River; prospecting for gold and trapping. TRACK 2: Mr;. Williams goes on to talk about Finlay Forks; a Hudson's Bay Company factor named William Fox; homesteading; a man named Bob Ferguson with whom Mr. Williams went to Mica Mountain with; another HBC factor named Bed Benson; Colonel Hardesty; Grande Prairie; the fake prospector who told the story about Mica Mountain; the land office.

SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Cattle ranching in B.C. : Martha Furrer PERIOD COVERED: 1929-1975 RECORDED: 100 Mile House (B.C.), 1979-08-02 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Martha Furrer discusses: her family background and arrival in the Cariboo in 1925; ranching at Horse Lake, 1929; neighbours; her life on the ranch; her husband's previous agricultural experience; marketing and production of beef cattle -- labour, beef prices, feeding, haying, rustling, disease, calving; forest fires. TRACK 2: Martha Furrer talks about: trapping and predatory animals; ranch life; social aspects; weather and irrigation; education; entertainment. Conclusion and additional comments. (End of interview)